RESUMEN
The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic has been mainly carried by health care providers. Technology-Mediated Interventions (TMI) seem to be a feasible alternative to increase access to behavioral health resources in this population. However, scaling-up treatments into TMI requires developing user-friendly, accepted, and accessible formats. A two-stage study was conducted to assess scalability of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) based strategy (named FACE COVID) delivered using technology. First, a mix-method design connected qualitative and quantitative data from health providers and ACT experts by which changes were performed to enhance scalability. Second, a pretest-posttest study was conducted to preliminary evaluate the efficacy of FACE COVID intervention on well-being, psychological distress, and psychological flexibility. Results showed a positive impact on well-being, but not distress and psychological flexibility. While this intervention has promising results, changes in dose intensity, social support, and mental health literacy could improve retention as well as increase opportunities to target distress and psychological flexibility in future studies.
RESUMEN
RESUMEN El dolor es una condición frecuente en los pacientes que se encuentran en Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo (UCI), precipitado y mantenido por estímulos biológicos, psicológicos y sociales. Por esta razón, la atención del paciente con dolor en estos escenarios, trasciende el alcance médico y requiere de la interdisciplinariedad. Los objetivos de esta revisión fueron presentar las estrategias de evaluación e intervención del dolor en pacientes que se encuentran en UCI y proponer una estrategia de abordaje interdisciplinario del dolor en estas unidades. La literatura muestra que los métodos de evaluación del dolor son diversos y se utilizan instrumentos específicos cualitativos y cuantitativos según el estado de consciencia del paciente. Estos métodos pueden ser utilizados por diversos profesionales. La intervención del dolor en la UCI está a cargo básicamente de los profesionales de la Enfermería y la Medicina, a pesar de las evidentes necesidades psicológicas de los pacientes. Con base en la evidencia de que la intervención del paciente dolor en UCI es multidisciplinaria, se propone una intervención interdisciplinaria que incluya a la familia del paciente.
ABSTRACT Pain is a common condition in patients who are in intensive care units (ICU), precipitated and maintained by biological, psychological and social stimuli. Therefore, the management of patients in ICU with pain, requires an interdisciplinary approach to care which transcends the medical scope. The aims of this review were to present the strategies for assessment and management of pain in ICU patients, and to propose an interdisciplinary approach to deliver a more effective management in these units. The literature shows that the methods for pain assessment are diverse and that specific qualitative and quantitative measurements are used according to the patient's state of consciousness. The management of pain in the ICU is primarily determined by nursing and medical professionals despite the patients' psychological needs. Based on the evidence that pain management is multidisciplinary, it is proposed an interdisciplinary intervention which include the family.
